There is no disagreement that effective branding through ‘use of a name, term, symbol or design, or a combination of these’ (Quester et al, 2001) can create brand awareness and recognition in the quickest manner. Companies use different kinds of ‘Brand Name’, that is, a word, letter or a group of words such as AOL, Intel Pentium III etc to project their companies. Sometimes such words, symbols or marks are legally registered and copy righted to a single company known as trademarks ( for product oriented companies) and service marks ( for service offering companies) (Perreault & McCarthy, 2000)...

Analyzing consumer behavior is perceived as cornerstone of a successful marketing strategy (Papers4you.com, 2006). Consumer behavior is ‘ the mental and emotional processes and the observable behavior of consumers during searching purchasing and post consumption of a product and service(Batra & Kazmi, 2004) . Similarly Engel (et al, 1990) refers consumer behavior as the action and decision process of people who purchase goods and services for personal consumption...

There is no doubt that interest in corporate governance has substantially increased in recent years. Not only have separate states adopted their own corporate codes but also changes in corporate governance are directed at a global level. For developing economies, corporate governance helps to achieve stable economic growth by means of effective management of corporations and, to some extent, governments (Bushman and Smith 2001)...

Organizations around the world has been realizing the cultural diversity within organization is not a negative aspect, rather can facilitate organizational stalk for glory (Papers4you.com, 2006). However it is not an easy task to manage employees with different cultural backgrounds. Nevertheless there are many policy guidelines that can make task easy...

In simple terms, the phenomenon of ‘globalization’ is perceived as increased inter-connectedness of the world (Papers4you.com, 2006). However there are three primary defining pillars of globalization that includes cultural, political and economic dimensions (Potter, 2002). It was argued that ‘cultural globalization’ is increasing convergence of cultural styles on a global norm, with that norm being codified and defined by the global capitalist system. Now cultural values and norms are shared and adopted among people in a way where we are giving rise to one global culture. Similarly it was asserted that ‘political globalization’ is regarding as erosion of the former role and power of the nation-state...

Organizations around the world have claimed that they are ‘innovative’ businesses as they are creative (Papers4you.com, 2006). However to gain a competitive edge, it is imperative to realize that innovation always implies one step ahead of creativity where later is only an essential component of innovation. Creativity is merely an ability to combine ideas in a unique way or to associate ideas in uncommon manner , however innovation on the other hand is the ‘process’ of taking a creative idea and turning it into a useful product or service ( Robbins & Coulter, 2002). Such process involves inputs like creative individuals, organization and groups that can carry transformation through creative process and situation to give creative products as outputs (Woodman et al, 1993). Furthermore, it is also important to realize that such process should be on continuous basis as true innovative marketing involves regular efforts to gain real improvements in all dimensions related to products and services (Kotler & Armstrong, 1999)...

During the last century the concept of business went through major changes in terms of the company ownership (Papers4you.com, 2006). Nowadays, fierce competition is no longer only in the access to market, but also in what regards to business ownership...

The foundation of modern portfolio theory (MPT) was introduced by Harry Markowitz in 1952. Thirty-eight years later, Harry Markowitz, Merton Miller and William Sharpe were awarded Nobel Prize for what has become a broad theory for portfolio selection. Modern portfolio theory (commonly referred as mean variance analysis) established a whole new terminology which became a norm among investment managers. (Gupta, FrancisMarkowitz, Fabozzi, Frank. 2002) It has wide application in different areas of financial management such as: asset allocation through mean variance optimization, bond portfolio immunization, optimal investment trust or manager selection, international asset allocation decisions, portfolio risk management and hedging strategies...

One of the most important pillar of marketing strategy is ‘Market Segmentation’ that is dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers with different needs, characteristics, or behaviour that may require separate products and marketing strategies ( Kotler & Armstrong, 1999). The two steps involved in it are first, naming a broad product-market that suits firm’s resources and disaggregating all possible needs into some generic markets. Secondly, segmenting these broad product-markets in order to select specific target markets (Perreault & McCarthy, 2000)...

It is a common argument that ‘a fit worker is productive worker’. It is becoming a universal realization that demands modern organizational practice has increased chances of stress breakthrough among employees and it’s becoming crucial for managers to identify sources and formulate strategies to reduce it (Papers4you.com, 2006)...